Ya, population growth is a fascinating phenomenon, and totally counter intuitive. It runs out of control in exactly the places LEAST able to absorb the increase... and here's why:
In Europe, North America, UK etc, population increase is low-moderate because child mortality is low, and parents EXPECT their children to survive. They have fewer children, investing more into education and health for each child.
High Technology increases individual productivity to a staggering extent... Western or European farmers don't need 10 children anymore, because technology has so drastically increase farming efficiency that he can basically do it alone. So, Health Systems, Accessible Higher education, and High Technology allow for the Western/European individual to EXPECT himself to live a long, rich, PRODUCTIVE life.
But what about the BOTTOM BILLION, the 1/6, the billion people on planet Earth who had the simple misfortune of been born into a subsistence existence?
In subsaharan Africa particularly, and India to a lesser extent, but still appalling, child mortality is high. Parents EXPECT some of their children to die. What does this mean? It means that families have more children, so that at least if some die, the family will survive. The vision and perspective is limited to their own family... This family can't see beyond themselves, they're just trying to survive, to perpetuate themselves... They don't have the basic, $1 medications that would save their lives... They don't have the $1 bednets that would stop malaria... TB, malaria, river blindness, a whole host of archaic diseases run rampant where in the West their nonexistent....
Also, because technology is so poor in such areas, the only way to increase their LABOR EFFICIENCY is to have more feet in the field so to speak... Compared to the mighty tractors that comb western fields, the African farmer maintains his livelihood with this most primitive of instruments, the wooden hand hoe:
Tragically, the fields they farm have been so over farmed, that the soil is barren of Nitrogen... They can't buy the fertilizers needed to replenish it, so crops are PHYSICALLY unable to grow there... No matter how much blood, sweat and tears the farmer puts into his backbreaking, unending labor, his nitrogen deficient crops will never grow satisfactorily to even sustain his own life, not to mention his family.
So, the bottom billion are stuck in a "Poverty Trap". Their technology is so poor that they need more children to increase their production efficiency, but this means more mouths to feed... Their crops are so poor due to a lack of nitrogen in the soil, and they cant afford the fertilizers to replenish it...
The only humane way out of this is for foreign direct investment, infusion of foreign assistance for the purpose of raising these peoples to technological sustainable levels, to where their efficiency increases their revenue such that they can afford to eat everyday, buy the fertilizers they need, to where they can start saving, to where they can start buying weather indexed crop insurance, or drought resistant seeds... Once their on the first rung of the ladder, making enough money to survive, they begin their own climb, economically independent, and without need for anymore foreign assistance.
Wanna help? Best place I've found is "Kiva"... Basically when signed up, you can give out 0% loans over varying terms to individuals or collectives all over the world... So, if you give $50 to a farmer in Uganda for example, he would use that money to buy nitrogen fertilizers for this years crop, and replace his worn tools...He would then PAY BACK THAT LOAN to you, in a little bit every month, over 6, 12, 24 months... After the term, you get your $50 back, but he gets a full crop for his family. No charity here.
As of December 25, 2009, Kiva has distributed $110,671,610 in loans from 631,345 lenders. A total of 157,207 loans have been funded. The average loan size is $401.66. Its current repayment rate is 98.13%.[1] According to Alexa, Kiva's website ranks in the top 15,000 websites on the Internet.[15]
http://kiva.org Uses paypal.